A global multi-regional input-output database with environmental and social accounts. For each part of the database, this page shows which years are based on reported source data and which are projected, and which impact assessment methods are available.
Projected years extend the nearest observed structure using more recent totals and trends.
The material account (62 extraction stressors, kt, domestic extraction used) is based on the UN IRP global material flows data. In the delivered series, 2020 is the last observed year. 2021 is transitional, and 2022-2024 are the data provider's own projections, taken into EXIOBASE as delivered. Later years, where a version has them, are carried forward from 2024. For analysis that depends on recent change in extraction, treat everything after 2020 as projected.
Characterised results are calculated from the accounts above. Water scarcity is also published as an account in its own right. The last column shows where each method is available in the selected version.
Spatial detail enters in two ways. Every flow is recorded in the region where it occurs, so regional factors apply wherever the pressure happens along a supply chain, and footprints keep that regional detail. Some factors are also finer than the 49 regions: the AWARE crop factors reflect differences in water scarcity within a country, based on where each crop is irrigated. Where no country factor exists, the five rest-of-world regions use the global factor and Taiwan uses China's.
| Method | Description | Indicators and units | Spatial detail | Availability |
|---|
GLAM: UNEP Global Guidance for Life Cycle Impact Assessment Indicators and Methods, release V1.0.2024.10, with corrections to the water consumption and erosion resistance factors. Regions without country-specific factors take global averages; Taiwan takes China's factors. PDF·y is the potentially disappeared fraction of species, integrated over time. AWARE and WSI are applied to blue water consumption only and are two separate layers: do not add them.
| Account | Content | Stressors (3.11.2) | Units | Main sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monetary tables | Supply-use and input-output tables, final demand (7 categories), value added (9 categories) | - | M EUR | National accounts, FIGARO, OECD ICIO, trade data |
| Energy | Gross, net, final and emission-relevant energy use | 4 | TJ | IEA energy balances |
| Air emissions | Fuel combustion and non-combustion emissions: GHGs (incl. NF3), air pollutants, heavy metals, particulates | 420 | kg, kg CO2-eq | IEA, EDGAR, PRIMAP-hist |
| Material | Domestic extraction used: biomass, metal ores, non-metallic minerals, fossil fuels | 62 | kt | UN IRP material flows |
| Land | Land use by type | 27 | km2 | FAOSTAT and related sources |
| Deforestation | Deforestation area and emissions attributed to products | 6 | km2, kg CO2 | DeDuCE |
| Water | Water use by type of use | 303 | Mm3 | AQUASTAT and water-footprint data |
| Water scarcity | Blue water consumption weighted by AWARE, and separately by WSI | 303 + 303 | Mm3 world-eq, Mm3 WSI-eq | AWARE 2.0, WSI (Pfister et al. 2009) |
| Nutrients | N and P emissions, N and P inputs, emissions to water | 6 + 4 + 2 | kg | FAO and OECD nutrient balances |
| Employment | People and hours worked, by skill level and sex | 12 | 1000 p, M.hr | ILO |
Stressor counts are read from the published 3.11.2 tables for 2019. The 3.12 accounts are restructured in places.
Confirmed issues in published releases, with workarounds, are listed at github.com/EXIOBASE/exiobase-bugs-public. Report problems to exiobase-support@googlegroups.com.